This is the updated and english version of some older posts of mine in German. It is likely still incomplete, and will need information added to match current MySQL, but hopefully it is already useful.
Old source articles in German: 1, 2 and 3.
Some vocabulary
Symbol, Font, Encoding and Collation - what do they even mean?
A character set is a collection of symbols that belong together. That is a completely abstract thing, and also almost useless. The only thing you can do with a character set is decide if a specific symbol is legal within a context or not. And, if it is legal, what position the …
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