Greetings everyone!!!!!

Let’s begin the phase II of our blog on Aurora serverless-V2.

Part 1 – https://mydbops.wordpress.com/2022/05/22/exploring-auAurora-serverless-v2-for-mysql

Here, I have focused primarily on the migration strategies, hence this blog will be helpful for those who are in a stance to migrate towards serverless V2.

Before entering into the migration strategies, let’s take a look at the feature called “Mixed-Configuration”. and then discuss about the migration strategies

1. Mixed-Configuration: …

Amazon Web Services (AWS) very recently(March 02, 2022) announced the GA of its new RDS feature “Readable standby with Multi-AZ deployments” for MySQL. Yes !! you heard it right you can now use the standby instances created with Multi-AZ deployments for failover as well as for Read-scaling starting with version 8.0.26 and later for MySQL in RDS

Launching a MultiAZ Cluster

Now let us see how to launch this readable-Multi AZ cluster?

Region Availability: As this is a new feature now it is currently limited to the regions US-EAST-1 (N.Virginia), US-WEST-1 (Oregon), and EU-WEST-1 (Ireland), this list would be extended progressively

VPC requirement:

Before launching the instance, you should have SUBNET created for 3 AZ(Availability Zone) within the VPC since the cluster instances would be spawn across 3AZ by default

Hereunder the “Engine Option” …

Rollback is an operation, which changes the current state of the transaction to the previous state. Undo logs are generally required if we want to roll back any of the uncommitted transactions and it plays a major role in Isolation.

For any changes made during a transaction, it must be stored priorly, because they are required if we choose to roll back the transaction.

Entries are made in undo logs when data modifications are done. If a transaction modifies data with SQL commands, It will create discrete undo logs for each operation. Once a transaction is committed MySQL is free to purge the undo logs created in that transaction. 

To know more about undo logs, you can check our previous blogs on overview to undo logs.

Usually, the Rollback process will take more time than the original operation. Because …

Loading any large file into MySQL server using the LOAD DATA INFILE is a time consuming process , because it is single threaded and it is a single transaction too. But with modern hardwares system resource is not a bottle neck. At Mydbops we focus on improving the efficiency of process as we value performance more. MySQL introduced the parallel load data operations in its latest minor release MySQL 8.0.17 . I had the curiosity to test this feature and wanted to know, how it can improve the data loading comparing to the existing single threaded method  . Through this blog I am going to  compare the both methods .

Remember you can use the parallel data loading utility only via MySQL Shell .

Internal Work Flow :

This section describes the …

MySQL has introduced the concept of functional index in MySQL 8.0.13. It is one of the much needed feature for query optimisation , we have seen about histogram in my last blog. Let us explore the functional index and its use cases.

For the below explanation, I have used a production scenario which has 16 core cpu, 32GB RAM and with MySQL version 8.0.16(Latest at the time of writing).

MySQL do support indexing on columns or prefixes of column values (length).

Example: 

mysql>show create table app_user\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Table: app_user
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `app_user` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`ad_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`source` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL,
`medium` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL,
`campaign` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL,
`timestamp` …

MySQL 8.0 introduces many new features. We will have a look at the exciting histogram  feature in MySQL 8.0

Histogram:

What is Histogram?

In General, a histogram is an accurate representation of the distribution of numerical data. In MySQL, It will be useful to collect data distribution for a specific column.

What problem it solves?

In general DB Optimizer gives us the best execution plan, But the stats make the execution plan better and better .The data distribution of values in columns can make good impact in optimiser in case of column with less distinct values.

We will see an example of how it helps optimizer in some cases. 

I have used a production case. MySQL version is 8.0.15 installed in ubuntu 18.04 (32GB RAM,8 core) with optimal configuration. Let us try to optimise a …

1.0. Introduction:

MySQL 8.0 was released with awesome features. One of its most prominent features is CTE (Common Table Expression).

The Common Table Expression can be used to construct complex queries in a more readable manner. In this blog, I have described how the CTE works with some useful examples.

1.1 What is CTE?

A Common Table Expression (CTE) is the result set of the query, which exists temporarily and uses only within the context of a larger query.

The CTE provides better readability and performance in comparison with a derived table.

In a normal query the temporary result set that exists only within the execution scope of a single SQL statement.

Example:

select …

“Delayed replication” is one of the important features which were being supported in MySQL from 5.6 for a very long time. This induces an intentional lag in the slave, making it lag by the defined time interval.

For a long time this was not available with the RDS version of MySQL provided by AWS, Recently from the version 5.6.40, 5.722 and later versions this feature is available with all the regions.

I will give a small intro on Amazon RDS, Which is DBAAS provided by Amazon, where you will be given an end-point for all your DB operations and major of admin task of server and DB is taken care by Amazon, To know more you can view our presentation here

In this blog, I will demonstrate, how to have a delayed slave with Amazon RDS for MySQL

Note: If you are …

Introduction –

              MySQL 8.0.10 GPL came out with more changes and advanced features. We have changes on InnoDB physical file layout ( MySQL data directory ) too. This blog will provide the information about the MySQL 8 InnoDB physical files.

MySQL system tables are completely InnoDB now ?

              Yes, Previously, we don’t have too many InnoDB tables on MySQL system tables. We have the innodb_index_stats, innodb_table_stats, slave_master_info, slave_relay_log_info and slave_worker_info in MySQL 5.7 as InnoDB tables. But, now all the MySQL System  tables were converted to InnoDB from MySQL 8.0 . It helps in the transactional DDL’s .

Below are the list of InnoDB physical files on MySQL 8.0 .

• ibdata1
• .ibd …

MySQL 8.0 has come with a list of new features for DBA’s ,we will discuss the new feature in MySQL 8.0 which supports Descending index.Prior to MySQL 8.0 (i.e MySQL 5.6 and 5.7) creating desc index syntax was supported but desc keyword was ignored, Now in MySQL 8.0 release descending index is extended are supported.

What is index?

• Indexes play an important role in performance optimization  and they are used frequently to speed up access to particular data and reduce disk I/O operations .
• To understand index easily you can imagine a book,every book has an index with content referring to a page number.If you want to search something in a book you first refer to the index and get the page number and then get the information in the page,like this the indexes in MySQL will tell you the row with matching data.

…