In this blog, we will discuss about how to setup MySQL NDB Cluster replication in a more secure way with the help of binary log and relay log encryption and a secure connection. These measures protect binary log dat in transit and at rest.

Let’s create two MySQL NDB Clusters with the following environment, Here, one will be termed as ‘source’ cluster and the other one will be termed as ‘replica’ cluster.

• MySQL NDB Cluster version (Latest GA version)
• 1 Management node
• 4 Data nodes
• 1 MySQLDs
• Configuration slots for up to 4 additional API nodes

Step 1: Start both of the Clusters

Let’s start both the source cluster and replica cluster but do not start the MySQLD servers from both the clusters as we want to modify their configuration first.
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As I discussed in some of my recent talks at conferences (at the DOAG for example), MySQL 8 came out with new features which bring lots of improvements in terms of security.

“At-Rest” encryption has been existing from some releases by now:
– InnoDB Tablespace Encryption: by 5.7.11
– Redo and Undo Log Data Encryption: by 8.0.1
Now starting from version 8.0.14, you can also encrypt binary and relay log files. In this blog post we will see how to configure that and we will do some tests.

Case 1: Binary log files are not encrypted

Binary log files encryption is disables by default:

mysql> show variables like 'binlog_encryption';
+-------------------+-------+
| Variable_name     | Value |
+-------------------+-------+
| binlog_encryption | OFF   | …

Percona Server for MySQL 8.0 comes with enterprise grade total data encryption features. However, there is always the question of how much overhead – or performance penalty – comes with the data decryption. As we saw in my networking performance post, SSL under high concurrency might be problematic. Is this the case for data decryption?

To measure any overhead, I will start with a simplified read-only workload, where data gets decrypted during read IO.

During query execution, the data in memory is already decrypted so there is no additional processing time. The decryption happens only for blocks that require a read from storage.

For the benchmark I will use the following workload:

sysbench …

Ahead of the PCI move to deprecate the use of ‘early TLS’, we’ve previously taken steps to disable TLSv1.0.

Unfortunately at that time we encountered some issues which led us to rollback these changes. This was to allow users of operating systems that did not – yet – support TLSv1.1 or higher to download Percona packages over TLSv1.0.

Since then, we have been tracking our usage statistics for older operating systems that don’t support TLSv1.1 or higher at https://repo.percona.com. We now receive very few legitimate requests for these downloads.

Consequently,  we are ending support for TLSv1.0 on all Percona web properties.

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One of the new features in MySQL 8.0.14 is support for encrypting the binary logs. While encryption makes the data more secure (provided the key is secret of course), it can make life a bit more difficult in terms of how easy it is to do tasks such as point-in-time recoveries. This blog shows how you can use the binlog_decrypt.py Python script to decrypt the binary logs as long as you have the keyring that was used to encrypt it.

Introduction and Background

João Gramacho wrote a nice blog how you can use standard Linux programs to decrypt the binary logs. This inspired me to consider implementing …

The encrypted binary log file format introduced in MySQL version 8.0.14 was designed to allow a “manual” decryption of the file data when the value of the key that encrypted its file password is known.

Each encrypted binary (or relay) log file is composed by an encrypted binary log file header and the encrypted binary log content (the file data).…

Starting in version 8.0.14, MySQL server can encrypt all new binary and relay log files on disk. In order to do so, you just need to enable the new binlog_encryption option (and also ensure that you have a keyring).…

From MySQL 5.7.11, encryption is supported for InnoDB (file-per-table) tablespaces. This is called Transparent Tablespace Encryption or sometimes referred as Encryption at Rest. This blog post aims to give the internal details of InnoDB Tablespace Encryption.

Keyring Plugin : Why What How ?…

To use Percona XtraBackup with keyring_vault plugin enabled you need to take some special measures to secure a working backup. This post addresses how to backup Percona Server for MySQL with keyring_vault plugin enabled. We also run through the steps needed to restore the backup from the master to a slave.

This is the second of a two-part series on setting up Hashicorp Vault with Percona Server for MySQL with the keyring_vault plugin. First part is Using the keyring_vault plugin with Percona Server for MySQL 5.7.

Backing up from the master

First you need to install the latest Percona XtraBackup 2.4 package, in this tutorial I used this version:

[root@mysql1 ~]# xtrabackup --version
xtrabackup: recognized server arguments: --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --log_bin=mysqld-bin …

This is the first of a two-part series on using the keyring_vault plugin with Percona Server for MySQL 5.7. The second part, Backing up Percona Server for MySQL with keyring_vault plugin enabled, walks through how to use Percona Xtrabackup to backup from this instance and restore to another server and set it up as a slave with keyring_vault plugin.

What is the keyring_vault plugin?

The keyring_vault is a plugin that allows the database to interface with a Hashicorp Vault server to store and secure encryption keys. The Vault server then acts as a centralized encryption key management solution which is critical for security and for compliance with various security standards.

Configuring Vault

Create SSL certificates to be used by Vault. You can use …