Beware the SST

In Percona XtraDB Cluster (PXC) I often run across users who are fearful of SSTs on their clusters. I’ve always maintained that if you can’t cope with a SST, PXC may not be right for you, but that doesn’t change the fact that SSTs with multiple Terabytes of data can be quite costly.

SST, by current definition, is a full backup of a Donor to Joiner.  The most popular method is Percona XtraBackup, so we’re talking about a donor node that must:

1. Run a full XtraBackup that reads its entire datadir
2. Keep up with Galera replication to it as much as possible (though laggy donors don’t send flow control)
3. Possibly still be serving application traffic if you don’t remove Donors from rotation.
…

Percona Server 5.6.11-60.3 introduces a new “log archiving” feature. Percona XtraBackup 2.1.5 supports “apply archived logs.” What does it mean and how it can be used?

Percona products propose three kinds of incremental backups. The first is full scan of data files and comparison the data with backup data to find some delta. This approach provides a history of changes and saves disk space by storing only data deltas. But the disadvantage is a full-data file scan that adds load to the disk subsystem. The second kind of incremental backup avoids extra disk load during data file scans.

The idea is in reading only changed data pages. The information about what specific pages were changed is provided by the server itself which …

Percona Server 5.6.11-60.3 has introduced a new feature called Log Archiving for XtraDB. This feature makes copies of the old log files before they are overwritten, thus saving all the redo log for a write workload.

When log archiving is enabled, it duplicates all redo log writes in a separate set of files in addition to normal redo log writing, creating new files as necessary.

Archived log file name format is ib_log_archive_startlsn. The start LSN marks the log sequence number when the archive was started. An example of the archived log files should look like this:

ib_log_archive_00000000010145937920
ib_log_archive_00000000010196267520

In order to …

I wrote a couple weeks ago about my work on the Backup and Recovery chapter for High Performance MySQL, 2nd Edition. Thanks for your comments and suggestions, and thanks to those of you who helped me over email as well.

I've had several questions about what is included in the chapter, so I thought I'd post the outline as it stands now.