In this blog post, we talk about how existing client connections are handled by the Tungsten Connector when a manual master role switch is invoked and how to adjust that behavior.

When a graceful switch is invoked via cctrl or the Tungsten Dashboard, by default the Connector will wait for five (5) seconds to allow in-flight activities to complete before forcibly disconnecting all active connections from the application side, no matter what type of query was in use.

If connections still exist after the timeout interval, they are forcibly closed, and the application will get back an error.

This configuration setting ONLY applies to a manual switch. During a failover caused by loss of MySQL availability, there is no wait and all connections are force-closed immediately.

This timeout is adjusted via the tpm option …

In this blog post, I’ll walk you through setting up encrypted replication on MySQL 5.7 with GTID enabled. I will walk you through how to create sample certificates and keys, and then configure MySQL to only use replication via an encrypted SSL tunnel.

For simplicity, the credentials and certificates I used in this tutorial are very basic. I would suggest, of course, you use stronger passwords and accounts.

Let’s get started.

Create a folder where you will keep the certificates and keys

mkdir /etc/newcerts/
cd /etc/newcerts/

Create CA certificate

[root@po-mysql2 newcerts]# openssl genrsa 2048 > ca-key.pem
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus
.............+++
..................+++
e is 65537 (0x10001)

[root@po-mysql2 newcerts]# openssl req -new -x509 -nodes -days 3600 -key ca-key.pem -out ca.pem
You are about to be asked to enter …

JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a popular way for moving data between various systems, including databases. Starting with 5.7 MySQL implemented a native JSON data type and a set of JSON functions that allows you to perform operations on JSON values.

Handling MySQL errors in Go is not easy. There are a lot of MySQL server error codes, and the Go MySQL driver as its own errors, and Go database/sql has its own errors, and errors can bubble up from other packages, like net.OpError. Consequently, Go programs tend not to handle errors. Instead, they simply report errors: err := db.Query(...).Scan(&v) if err != nil { return err } And then the error is logged or reported somewhere.

Handling MySQL errors in Go is not easy. There are a lot of MySQL server error codes, and the Go MySQL driver as its own errors, and Go database/sql has its own errors, and errors can bubble up from other packages, like net.OpError. Consequently, Go programs tend not to handle errors. Instead, they simply report errors:

err := db.Query(...).Scan(&v)
if err != nil {
 return err
}

And then the error is logged or reported somewhere. This is as poor as it common, and it’s extremely common. A robust program handles the error: retry the query if possible; or report a more specific error; else, report the …

Handling MySQL errors in Go is not easy. There are a lot of MySQL server error codes, and the Go MySQL driver as its own errors, and Go database/sql has its own errors, and errors can bubble up from other packages, like net.OpError. Consequently, Go programs tend not to handle errors. Instead, they simply report errors: err := db.Query(...).Scan(&v) if err != nil { return err } And then the error is logged or reported somewhere.

When you are building Database Infrastructure for an data sensitive business (like financial services, digital commerce, advertising media solutions, healthcare etc. ) governed by compliance and policies, You are expected to maintain the audit log of the transactions to investigate, if you ever suspect something unacceptable (i.e., user updating / deleting data) happening to your database . MariaDB provides Audit Plugin (MariaDB started including by default the Audit Plugin from versions 10.0.10 and 5.5.37, and it can be installed in any version from MariaDB 5.5.20.) to log the server activity, Although the MariaDB Audit Plugin has some unique features available only for MariaDB, it can be used also with MySQL. MariaDB Audit Plugin log the details like who connected to server (i.e., username and host), what queries were executed, the tables accessed and server variables changed. This information is retained in a rotating log file or sent to …

After having explained how to achieve HA for MySQL Router for people who doesn’t want to install the MySQL Router on the application servers and after having illustrated how to use Pacemaker, this article explains how to setup HA for MySQL Router using keepalived.

Keepalived is very popular, maybe because it’s also very easy to use. We can of course use 2 or more servers. The principle is the same as on the previous articles, if the router dies, the virtual IP used by the application server(s) to connect to MySQL is sent to another machine where mysqlrouter is still running.

Let’s have a look at the configuration, in this case we use 2 machines, mysql1 and …

This article will explain how to setup HA for MySQL Router as described in a previous article about where should the router stand.

For this setup, I will use Pacemaker (part of RedHat High Availability Add-on and available on RHEL, CentOS, Oracle Linux, …).

Of course we need a MySQL InnoDB Cluster but we won’t really use it for the HA setup of the MySQL Router.

Installing Pacemaker

The first step is to install pacemaker on all the machines we will use for our “MySQL Router Cluster”:

# yum install pacemaker pcs resource-agents

Now we need to start the pcsd service and enable it at boot (on all machines):

# systemctl start pcsd.service 
# systemctl enable pcsd.service

It’s time now to setup authentication, this operation is again …

As you know, MySQL InnoDB Cluster is composed of 3 elements:

• a group replication cluster of at least 3 servers
• the MySQL Shell used to manage the cluster
• the MySQL Router that send the traffic from the application server(s) to the cluster

When presenting the solution in conferences, one the main question is Where should I put the router ? and the answer is always the same: the best place to install the router is the application server !

The router is a very lightweight process that gets its configuration from the cluster’s metadata and doesn’t require a lot of resources or maintenance.

So the ideal setup is the following:

However for many (obscure?) reasons, sometimes people doesn’t want to have the MySQL …