The order in which Galera cluster nodes must be started has long been an unjustly controversial topic. From time to time people ask how to restart the cluster in our mailing list. And from time to time they keep on making mistakes, like the one described here.
It happens so that people tend to believe in miracles. Worse, they tend to expect miracles to actually happen. They tend to expect, for example, that Galera cluster should automatically resync itself on startup to the "correct" position regardless of the order in which nodes are started. And are very disappointed to learn that it is not the case and one needs to choose the first node in the cluster with extreme care. After all joining a new node is completely automatic, no?
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Considering that Galera cluster was designed to be
"highly-available" …