In a MySQL database, fragmentation can occur over time as data is inserted, updated, and deleted. Fragmentation refers to the inefficient storage and organization of data within database objects, such…

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Internet Protocol address is a special kind of data. This data does not correspond directly to available MySQL built-in data types. I have seen in many servers, the IP(Internet Protocol) address is stored in CHAR(12), VARCHAR(15), TEXT and so on. 

The dotted-quad notation is just a way of writing for better readability, it is not the original form of raw data. The IP address is a UNSIGNED INTEGERS they are not strings. 

So the question is how we can store the IP addresses with dot in integer columns? The MySQL provides the built-it function to do this operation. The functions are given below:







For IPv4 addresses:

INET_ATON()

mysql> select inet_aton('127.0.0.1');

+------------------------+
| inet_aton('127.0.0.1') |
+------------------------+
|             2130706433 | …

I have recently seen several cases when performance for MySQL queries on a single table was terrible. The reason was simple: the wrong indexes were added and so the execution plan was poor. Here are guidelines to help you optimize various kinds of single-table queries.

Disclaimer: I will be presenting general guidelines and I do not intend to cover all scenarios. I am pretty confident that you can find examples where what I am writing does not work, but I am also confident that it will help you most of the time. Also I will not discuss features you can find in MySQL 5.6+ like Index Condition Pushdown to keep things simple. Be aware that such features can actually make a significant difference in query response time (for good or for bad).

What an index can do for you

An index can perform up to 3 actions: filter, sort/group and cover. While the first 2 actions are self-explanatory, not everyone may know what …

When we use a relational database system, we should know some important things. Numeric data type is very essential for a table. Here I describe some important points of Numeric Data type in MySQL:

MySQL has 9 numeric data types

• Integer:            TINYINT, SMALLINT, MEDIUMINT, INT, BIGINT
• Floating Point:  FLOAT, DOUBLE
• Fixed Point:      DECIMAL
• Other:              BIT, (ENUM maybe)‫‏‬

Some poor design:

• INT(1)‫‏‬
• BIGINT AUTO_INCREMENT
• no UNSIGNED used
• DECIMAL(31,0)‫‏‬

INT(1) – 1 does not mean 1 digit.   (1) represents client output display format only. INT is 4 Bytes. TINYINT is 1 Byte …