Hanging out in #mysql on freenode the other day, I overheard someone saying that the reason to use connection pools with MySQL is because JDBC connections are expensive to create. That is true out of the box, but mostly because the out of the box behavior of MySQL's JDBC driver is to be standards-compliant. If you know that your DBA and your developers aren't doing crazy things with the database (changing configurations without letting the developers know, going around the "standard" API calls to start/end transactions, etc), then you can get to the point where connection setup is no slower than any other API. Does this mean you shouldn't use a connection pool? NO! (more on this next week).
Here's an iterative overview of the changes made in configuration, and how they affect what queries the driver does on initialization.
First, asking the
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